![]() Senate stopped attempts to eliminate specific affirmative action programs. A year later, he signed the Civil Rights Act of 1991. ![]() Bush signed the Americans with Disabilities Act. It required every federal agency with substantial procurement or grant-making authority to develop a Minority Business Enterprise development plan. In 1983, President Ronald Reagan issued Executive Order 12432.It required agencies to submit an affirmative action plan to the EEOC that detailed the hiring, placement, and advancement of individuals with disabilities. Nixon signed the Rehabilitation Act of 1973. In 1971, women were included in the order. In 1970, the Labor Department ordered and authorized flexible goals and timetables to address the underutilization of minorities by federal contractors.It also established the Office of Federal Contract Compliance (OFCC) to enforce the order. It required that all government contractors and subcontractors expand job opportunities for minorities. It is a government-backed policy that was developed to provide inadequately represented groups of people with access to opportunities in academia, the private workforce, and government jobs. The main purpose of affirmative action is to diversify various parts of society. Criticism of affirmative action emphasizes high program costs, the hiring of fewer qualified candidates, and a lack of historical progress in equal representation.Affirmative action now includes assistance for gender representation, people with disabilities, and covered veterans.Policies often implement hiring quotas, provide grants and scholarships, and may also deny government funding and contracts to institutions that fail to follow policy guidelines.It provides financial assistance to groups that historically have been and continue to be subjected to forms of discrimination.Affirmative action seeks to reverse historical trends of discrimination against individuals with certain identities.
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